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Preface to the anthology


                  
昭明文选
  文选序  萧统

式观元始,眇觌玄风,冬穴夏巢之时,茹毛饮血之世,世质民淳,斯文未作。逮乎伏羲氏之王天下也,始画八卦、造书契,以代结绳之政,由是文籍生焉。易曰:“观乎天文,以察时变;观乎人文,以化成天下。”文之时义远矣哉!

若夫椎轮为大辂之始,大辂宁有椎轮之质?增冰为积水所成,积水曾为增冰之凛。何哉?盖踵其事而增华,变其本而加厉。物既有之,文亦宜然,随时变改,难可详悉。

尝试论之曰,诗序云:“诗有六义焉,一曰风,二曰赋,三曰比,四曰兴,五曰雅,六曰颂。”至于今之作者,异乎古昔,古诗之体,今则全取赋名。荀宋表之于前,贾马继之于末,自兹以降,源流寔繁。述邑居则有凭虚亡是之作,戒畋游则有长扬羽猎之制。若其纪一事、咏一物,风云草木之兴,鱼虫禽兽之流,推而广之,不可胜载矣。又楚人屈原,含忠履洁,君匪从流,臣进逆耳,深思远虑,遂放湘南。耿介之意既伤,壹郁之怀靡愬。临渊有怀沙之志,吟泽有憔悴之容,骚人之文,自兹而作。

诗者,盖志之所之也,情动于中而形于言。关雎麟趾,正始之道著;桑间濮上,亡国之音表。故风雅之道,粲然可观。自炎汉中叶,厥涂渐异,退傅有在邹之作,降将著河梁之篇,四言五言,区以别矣。又少则三字,多则九言,各体互兴,分镳并驱。颂者,所以游扬德业,褒赞成功,吉甫有穆若之谈,季子有至矣之叹。舒布为诗,既言如彼;总成为颂,又亦若此。次则箴兴于补阙,戒出于弼匡。论则析理精微,铭则序事清润。美终则诔发,图像则赞兴。又诏诰教令之流,表奏笺记之列,书誓符檄之品,吊祭悲哀之作,答客指事之制,三言八字之文,篇辞引序,碑碣志状,众制蜂起,源流间出。譬陶匏异器,并为入耳之娱;黼黻不同,俱为悦目之玩,作者之致,盖云备矣。

余监抚余闲,居多暇日,历观文囿,泛览辞林,未尝不心游目想,移晷忘倦。自姬汉以来,眇焉悠邈,时更七代,数逾千祀。词人才子,则名溢于缥囊;飞文染翰,则卷盈乎缃帙。自非略其芜秽,集其清英,盖欲兼功,太半难矣。若夫姬公之籍,孔父之书,与日月俱悬,鬼神争奥,孝敬之准式,人伦之师友,岂可重以芟夷,加之剪截?老庄之作,管孟之流,盖以立意为宗,不以能文为本,今之所撰,又以略诸。若贤人之美辞,忠臣之抗直,谋夫之话,辨士之端,冰释泉涌,金相玉振。所谓坐狙丘,议稷下,仲连之却秦军,食其之下齐国,留侯之难八难,曲逆之吐六奇,盖乃事美一时,语流千载。概见坟籍,旁出子史,若斯之流,又亦繁博,虽传之简牍,而事异篇章,今之所集,亦所不取。至于记事之史,系年之书,所以褒贬是非,纪别异同,方之篇翰,亦已不同。若其赞论之综缉辞采,序述之错比文华,事出于沉思,义归乎翰藻,故与夫篇什,杂而集之,远自周室,迄于圣代,都为三十卷,名曰文选云耳。

凡次文之体,各以汇聚。诗赋体既不一,又以类分,类分之中,各以时代相次。


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Good sentences

  • The difficulty of writing is not in seeing more, but in cultivating.
  • The poet is also the place of ambition, in the heart for the ambition, and the speech is for the poem. Emotions are in the middle and form is in words, words are insufficient, sighs, sighs are insufficient, songs, songs, do not know the dance of the hands, and the feet are also.
  • The text is like the person, and the person is like the text.
  • The way of the article is in nature.
  • The text is based on the Tao, the meaning is the mainstay, and the word is the guest.
  • The body of the article is probably based on reason first, and language second.
  • The body of the article is based on feelings, supplemented by reason, and used by words.
  • There is no fixed law, but innovation is important.
  • The essence of the article lies in the idea.
  • The way of the article does not lie in the number of words, but in the substance of the words, the orderliness of the words, the reasonableness of the words, and the affection of the words.

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