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Chapter 29


                  
荀子
 子道篇第二十九

入孝出弟,人之小行也;上顺下笃,人之中行也;从道不从君,从义不从父,人之大行也。若夫志以礼安,言以类使,则儒道毕矣,虽舜不能加毫末于是矣。孝子所以不从命有三:从命则亲危,不从命则亲安,孝子不从命乃衷;从命则亲辱,不从命则亲荣,孝子不从命乃义;从命则禽兽,不从命则修饰,孝子不从命乃敬。故可以从而不从,是不子也;未可以从而从,是不衷也。明于从不从之义,而能致恭敬忠信,端悫以慎行之,则可谓大孝矣。传曰:“从道不从君,从义不从父。”此之谓也。故劳苦雕萃而能无失其敬,灾祸患难而能无失其义,则不幸不顺见恶而能无失其爱,非仁人莫能行。诗曰:“孝子不匮。”此之谓也。

鲁哀公问于孔子曰:“子从父命,孝乎?臣从君命,贞乎?”三问,孔子不对。孔子趋出,以语子贡曰:“乡者,君问丘也,子从父孝乎?臣从君贞乎?三问而丘不对,赐以为何如?”子贡曰:“子从父命,孝矣。臣从君命,贞矣,夫子有奚对焉?”孔子曰:“小人哉!赐不识也!昔万乘之国,有争臣四人,则封疆不削;千乘之国,有争臣三人,则社稷不危;百乘之家,有争臣二人,则宗庙不毁。父有争子,不行无礼;士有争友,不为不义。故子从父,奚子孝?臣从君,奚臣贞?审其所从之谓孝之谓贞也。”

子路问于孔子曰:“有人于此,夙兴夜寐,耕耘树艺,手足胼胝,以养其亲,然而无孝之名,何也?”孔子曰:“意者身不敬与?辞不逊与?色不顺与?古之人有言曰:‘衣与!缪与!不女聊。’今夙兴夜寐,耕耘树艺,手足胼胝,以养其亲,无此三者,则何为而无孝之名也?意者,所友非人邪?”孔子曰:“由志之,吾语女。虽有国士之力不能自举其身。非无力也,势不可也。故入而行不修,身之罪也;出而名不章,友之过也。故君子入则笃行,出则友贤,何为而无孝之名也!”

子路问于孔子曰:“鲁大夫练而床,礼邪?”孔子曰:“吾不知也。”子路出,谓子贡曰:“吾以夫子为无所不知,夫子徒有所不知。”子贡曰:“汝何问哉?”子路曰:“由问鲁大夫练而床礼邪?夫子曰吾不知也。”子贡曰:“吾将为女问之。”子贡问曰:“练而床,礼邪?”孔子曰:“非礼也。”子贡出,谓子路曰:“女谓夫子为有所不知乎!夫子徒无所不知。女问非也。礼:居是邑不非其大夫。”

子路盛服而见孔子,孔子曰:由,是裾裾何也?昔者江出于岷山,其始出也,其源可以滥觞,及其至江之津也,不放舟,不避风,则不可涉也。非维下流水多邪!今女衣服既盛,颜色充盈,天下且孰肯谏女矣!子路趋出,改服而入,盖犹若也。孔子曰:“由,志之!吾语女:慎于言者不华,慎于行者不伐,色知而有能者,小人也。故君子知之曰知之,不知曰不知,言之要也;能之曰能之,不能曰不能,行之至也。言要则知,行至则仁。既知且仁,夫恶有不足矣哉!”

子路入,子曰:“由!知者若何?仁者若何?”子路对曰:“知者使人知己,仁者使人爱己。”子曰:“可谓士矣。”子贡入,子曰:“赐!知者若何?仁者若何?”子贡对曰:“知者知人,仁者爱人。”子曰:“可谓士君子矣。”颜渊入,子曰:“回!知者若何?仁者若何?”颜渊对曰:“知者自知,仁者自爱。”子曰:“可谓明君子矣。”

子路问于孔子曰:“君子亦有忧乎?”孔子曰:“君子其未得也,则乐其意,既已得之,又乐其治。是以有终生之乐,无一日之忧。小人者,其未得也,则忧不得;其已得之,又恐失之。是以有终身之忧,无一日之乐也。”


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Good sentences

  • A gentleman is not good at sincerity.
  • If people are rude, they will not live, if they are rude, they will not succeed, and if the country is rude, they will be restless.
  • Tianxingjian, a gentleman strives for self-improvement; The terrain is good, and the gentleman carries things with virtue.
  • The courtesy is the most humane.
  • Self-cultivation and family governance, peace in the world.
  • Words must be believed, deeds must be fruitful.
  • The benevolent man loves others, and the wise man knows people.
  • If you don't climb the mountains, you don't know the height of the sky; Not near the deep stream, I don't know the thickness of the ground.
  • A gentleman who is erudite and self-conscious knows what to do is not wrong.
  • The sky is silent and the four seasons are moving, and the earth is silent and all things are born.
  • Don't suffer from people who don't know themselves, and people who don't know about people.
  • A gentleman has three joys: both parents exist, brothers have no reason, and one is happy; Look up to the sky, bow down to people, and be happy; Get the world's talents and educate them, and the three music are also.
  • Learning is not a last resort.
  • Those who know are not as good as those who are good, and those who are good are not as good as those who are happy.
  • I am three times a day: I am not loyal to others? Making friends and not believing them? Are you used to it?

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