Mencius
Liang Hui WangMencius saw King Hui of Liang. The king said, "If you don't come from thousands of miles, there will also be Eli and my country." ”
Mencius said, "Why should the king be profitable? There is also benevolence and righteousness. The king said, "Why do you benefit my country?" The doctor said, "Why is it beneficial to my family?" The Shishu people said, "Why do you benefit my body?" The upper and lower hands are levied for profit, and the country is in danger. In the country of ten thousand times, those who kill their monarchs will be the home of a thousand times; In the country of a thousand times, whoever kills its monarch will be the home of a hundred times. Thousands of thousands, thousands of thousands, not too much. For the sake of the aftermath and the first profit, do not take away and do not eat. Those who have not been benevolent and leave their relatives behind; There is no righteousness, and then the king is also. Wang also said that benevolence and righteousness are just that, why bother with profit? ”
When Mencius saw King Hui of Liang, the king stood on the swamp, and Gu Hongyan elk said, "The sage is also happy about this?" ”
Mencius said, "The sage then rejoices in it; Those who are not virtuous, although they have this, are not happy. Poetry: 'Through the beginning of the spiritual platform, through the camp. The common people attack it, and it will not be successful. Don't be anxious at the beginning, the common people come. The king is in the spirit of the soul; The deer are in wait. Deer deer, white birds and cranes. The king is in the spirit swamp, and the fish jumps in the mot. 'King Wen takes the people's power as the platform as a swamp, and the people are happy, which is called the Lingtai, and the swamp is called the Lingnan; Happy to have elk, fish and turtles. The ancients and the people were happy, so they could be happy. Tang swore and said: 'Time is lost? Both the women died. 'The people want to perish with them, although there are birds and beasts in the pond, how can they be happy alone?' ”
King Liang Hui said: "The widow is also to the country, and he is dedicated to his ears." If Hanoi is fierce, its people will be moved to the east of the river, and its millet will be moved to Hanoi; Hedong is fierce, and the same is true. Those who observe the politics of neighboring countries are not as good as those who have the intentions of a few people. If the people of the neighbouring countries are not less, and the people of the few are not more, why not? ”
Mencius said to him: "The king is warlike, please use the metaphor of war: fill the drum, the blade is connected, abandon the armor and drag the soldiers, or stop after a hundred steps, or stop after fifty steps." What if you laugh at 50 steps and 100 steps? ”
He said: "No, it is not a hundred steps, it is also walking." ”
He said, "If the king had known this, he would have no hope that there would be more people than his neighbors." If it does not violate the agricultural time, the grain cannot be eaten; A few grains do not enter the pond, and the fish and turtles cannot be eaten. The axe catty enters the mountains and forests at the right time, and the timber is not usable. Grain and fish and turtles can not be eaten, timber and wood can not be used, it is to make the people live and die without regrets. There is no regret in health and death, and the beginning of the royal road is also. A five-acre house, a tree with mulberry, and fifty people can be clothed! Chickens, guineas, dogs, and animals, there is no time to lose, and the seventy can eat meat! 100 acres of land, don't take it away, a few families can be hungry! The teaching of the order, the righteousness of filial piety, and the person who gives the confession does not live up to the road. Seventy people eat meat, and the people are not hungry or cold, but those who are not kings are not not. Dogs eat people without knowing how to check them; Coated with hungry scabs and do not know the hair. When a person dies, he says, 'It's not me, it's not me.' How is it different from stabbing someone and killing him, saying, 'It's not me, it's also a soldier.' 'The king is innocent, and the people of the world are the best. ”
King Liang Hui said: "The widow is willing to accept the teaching." ”
Mencius said, "Is it different to kill people with a sword?" ”
He said, "It's no different." ”
"What is the difference between the blade and the government?"
He said, "It's no different." ”
He said: "There is fat meat, there are fat horses in the stables, the people are hungry, and the wild are hungry. Beasts cannibalize each other, and people are evil; For the parents of the people, the administration is not exempt from leading the beast and cannibalism, and the evil is also for the parents of the people? Zhong Ni said: 'The one who started it, there is no aftermath! 'It is also used for its man's image. If so, how did it make the people starve to death? ”
King Liang Hui said: "The Jin Kingdom, the world is not strong, and the people know it." and the body of the widow, the east was defeated by Qi, and the eldest son died; The west mourning place is 700 miles from Qin; The south is humiliated by Chu. The widow is ashamed, and he is willing to sprinkle it better than the dead. What if so? ”
Mencius said, "The place is a hundred miles, and you can be a king." Wang Rushi is benevolent to the people, provincial punishment, thin taxation, deep cultivation and easy to cultivate; The strong man cultivates his filial piety and loyalty in his spare time, enters his father and brother, and goes out to his long, so that the system can be used to tart the strong armor of Qin and Chu. When he took away his people, he did not plow the land to support his father and mother. Parents are hungry, brothers and wives are separated. He drowned his people, and the king went to conquer him, and who was the enemy of the king? Therefore, it is said that 'the benevolent are invincible'. Don't doubt it. ”
Mencius saw King Xiang of Liang. out, the speaker said: "If you don't look at it like a human king, you don't see it and you don't see it." He suddenly asked, 'Is the world evil?' I said to him, 'It is set in one.' ''Who can be one?'' He said, "He who does not love murder can do it." ''Who can do it?'' He said, "The world is indispensable." Wang Zhifu Miaohu? When there is a drought between July and August, the seedlings are in full bloom. The sky is full of clouds, and when it rains, the seedlings are thriving. If so, who can resist it? There is no one who does not love to kill; If there are those who do not love to kill, then the people of the world will lead and look forward to them. If this is the case, the people will return to the water and will go down, who can control it? ’”
King Qi Xuan asked: "Can you smell about Qi Huan and Jin Wen?" ”
Mencius said: "Those who have no Tao and literature are not known in the future generations, and the ministers have not heard of them." If there is no way, then the king? ”
He said: "What is the virtue, can you be the king?" ”
said: "To protect the people and the king, Mo Zhi can also be the king." ”
He said, "If there are few people, can you protect the people?" ”
He said, "Yes." ”
He said, "How can I know what I can do?" ”
He said: "When the minister heard this, he said: 'The king is sitting in the hall, and there is a person who leads the ox to pass under the hall. When the king saw it, he said, "What is the cow? He said, "The bell will be provoked." The king said, "Give it up!" I can't bear to covet him, and if he is not guilty, he will die. He said: "Then abolish the bell and?" He said, "Why should it be wasted?" Sheep for sheep. "Don't know anything?"
He said, "Yes." ”
He said: "It is the heart that is enough for the king." And all the people loved the king; The minister knows that the king can't bear it. ”
The king said, "Yes." If there are people, although the country of Qi is small, how can I love a cow? That is, he can't bear to covet him, and if he is not guilty, he will die, so he will change it with sheep. ”
He said: "The king is no different from the love of the people." Small is easy to big, and he knows the evil? If the king hides his innocence and dies, what will happen to the cattle and sheep? ”
Wang smiled and said: "What is the sincerity? I don't love his wealth, but I give it to sheep. It is appropriate for the people to say that I love it! ”
He said: "There is no injury, it is a benevolent technique." I saw the cow but not the sheep. A gentleman is also to beasts, seeing their life, and not being able to bear to see their death; Hearing its voice, I can't bear to eat its flesh. It is a gentleman's cooking. ”
The king said, "The poem says: 'Others have hearts, give them a degree', and the master is also called." My husband and I do it, but I ask for it, but I can't get it; In the words of the Master, I have a kinship with each other. The reason why this heart is in harmony with the king, why? ”
He said: "There is a repetition of the king who said: My strength is enough to lift a hundred jun, but not enough to lift a feather; It is enough to see the details of the situation, but not to see the salary. So what does the king do? ”
He said, "No! ”
"What is the only one who is full of grace and beasts, and who does not merit the people? However, if you don't lift a feather, you don't use force; If you don't see the salary, you don't need to be clear; The people do not see the protection, so there is no need for grace. Therefore, the king is not the king, and he is not the king. No, you can't. ”
He said: "What is the difference between the form of the incompetent and the involving? ”
He said: "Holding Taishan to surpass the North Sea, the speaker said: 'I can't', it is honest and can't." Breaking branches for the elderly, the speaker said: 'I can't', it is not for it, it is not for it. Therefore, the king is not the king, and he is not coerced by the Taishan to surpass the North Sea; The king is not the king, but the branch is broken and the like. The old and the old, the young and the young, the world can be carried in the palm of your hand. Shiyun: 'Punish the widow, as for the brother, to the family', words and deeds are just inflicted on them. Therefore, Tui En is enough to protect the four seas, and without Tui En there is no way to protect his wife. The ancients were so great that they had nothing else to do, and they were just good at pushing what they did. Now the grace is enough and the beasts, and the merit is not to the people, what is the only one? right, and then know the severity; degrees, and then know the length. Everything is the same, and the heart is very important. The king, please save it! Suppress the king to raise a soldier, the dangerous minister, frame a grudge against the princes, and then be faster than the heart? ”
The king said, "No." Why am I so fast? I will seek what I want. ”
He said: "What the king desires, can he hear it?" The king smiled and said nothing.
He said: "Is fat and sweet not enough to eat? Light simmering is not enough for the body? Or is it not enough to look at the color? Isn't the sound enough to hear in the ears with? Is it not enough to make the order in front of you? All the king's servants are sufficient to provide for him, but is the king right? ”
He said, "No, I don't think so!" ”
He said, "Then the king's great desire can be known." If you want to open up the land, go to Qin and Chu, visit China and Fu Siyi. If you do it, ask for what you want, and ask for fish because of wood. ”
The king said, "What if so?" ”
He said, "What a disaster. Yuanmu seeks fish, although there is no fish, there is no disaster; Do what you want, ask for what you want, do it with all your heart, and there will be disasters in the future. ”
He said, "Can you smell it?" ”
He said: "If the Zou people fight with the Chu people, who does the king think will win?" ”
He said: "Chu people win." ”
He said: "However, the small solid cannot be the enemy, the few solid cannot be the enemy, and the weak solid cannot be the strong." In the land of the sea, there are nine thousands of miles in the square, and there is one of them; With one serving eight, why is it different from Zou Enemy Chuzai? Cover is also the opposite. Now the king is benevolent, so that all the rulers of the world want to stand in the king's court, the cultivators want to cultivate the king's wilderness, the merchants want to hide in the king's city, the travelers all want to come out of the king's tu, and the world's people who want to disease their kings want to go to the king. If so, who can resist it? ”
The king said, "I can't go in." May the Master assist me in my ambition and teach me clearly. I'm not sensitive, please try it. ”
He said: "Those who have perseverance without permanent production are only able to do so." If the people have no permanent property, because they have no perseverance. There is no perseverance, and there is no way to ward off evil and luxury. and to be caught in sin, and then to be punished thereby, is to be reckless. How can there be a benevolent person in power, and he can do anything without regard to the people? It is the property of the people of the Ming monarchy, and it will be enough to serve his parents, and he will be able to give birth to his wife; Happy years are full for life, and fierce years are free from death; Then drive it to goodness, and the people will follow it lightly. Now it is also the property of the people, and it is not enough to be a father and mother, and it is not enough to give a wife; Happy years are bitter for life, and fierce years are not exempt from death; This is only to save the dead and fear not to support it, how can it be righteous to treat etiquette? If the king wants to do it, he will rebel against it. A five-acre house, a mulberry tree, and fifty people can be clothed. Chickens, guineas, dogs, and animals, if there is no time, the seventy can eat meat. A hundred acres of land, don't take it away, a family of eight can be hungry. The teaching of the order, the righteousness of filial piety, and the person who gives the confession does not live up to the road. The old man eats meat, and the people are not hungry or cold, but those who are not kings are not there. ”